Class: Xanthine oxidase inhibitor (uric acid-lowering agent)

Manufacturer:

Dosage Form: Tablet

Similar Brands:

Uses:

• Gout (prevention of acute attacks)

• Hyperuricemia (e.g., due to chemotherapy)

• Uric acid kidney stones

• Tumor lysis syndrome

Dosage:

• Adults:

  • Start with 100 mg once daily

  • Usual maintenance: 200–600 mg/day in divided doses

  • Max: 800 mg/day

• Children (for malignancy-related hyperuricemia):

  • 10 mg/kg/day in 3 divided doses

• Renal impairment: Dose adjustment required

Side Effects:

Common: Rash, GI upset (nausea, diarrhea)

Serious: Stevens-Johnson syndrome, hepatotoxicity, bone marrow suppression, hypersensitivity syndrome

Warnings & Precautions:

• Discontinue immediately if rash appears

• Use with caution in renal or hepatic impairment

• Ensure good hydration to prevent kidney stones

• Start colchicine or NSAID during initiation to prevent acute gout attacks

Pregnancy & Lactation:

• Pregnancy: Use only if clearly needed (limited data)

• Lactation: Use with caution; small amounts excreted in breast milk

Drug Interactions:

• Azathioprine / Mercaptopurine: Reduce dose to 25%

• Thiazide diuretics: Increased risk of hypersensitivity

• Ampicillin/Amoxicillin: Increased risk of skin rash

• Warfarin: Enhanced anticoagulant effects

Contraindications:

• Hypersensitivity to allopurinol

• Acute gout attack (should not be started during an attack)

Price: Ksh 560

Notes:

Pack Size: 28s