Treatment of essential hypertension (high blood pressure) in adults when monotherapy is insufficient or combination therapy is indicated (e.g., not adequately controlled on single agents). Lowers blood pressure by relaxing vessels and reducing vascular resistance/volume overload. Helps prevent complications like stroke, heart attack, heart failure, or kidney damage from uncontrolled hypertension. Not for acute hypertensive crisis or non-hypertensive conditions.

Oral, once daily (with or without food; consistent timing recommended).
Adults: Starting/maintenance: 1 tablet (2.5 mg/50 mg) once daily; may increase to 5 mg/50 mg or 2 tablets (5 mg/100 mg losartan equivalent) if needed after 3–6 weeks based on BP response (max antihypertensive effect in 3–6 weeks).
Liver impairment: Start/use lower dose with caution (e.g., max 2.5 mg/50 mg).
Renal impairment: Caution/initiate low (no routine adjustment but monitor closely).
Elderly: No initial adjustment but monitor for sensitivity.
Children/adolescents: Not recommended/safety not established. Continue as prescribed; regular BP/electrolyte/kidney checks required. Do not stop abruptly.

Common (mild/transient): Ankle/foot/peripheral edema (from amlodipine), headache, dizziness, vertigo, palpitations/tachycardia, flushing, fatigue/asthenia, cough (less than ACE inhibitors), nausea, abdominal discomfort.
Less common: Hypotension (especially standing), hyperkalemia (high potassium), back/muscle pain, rash/itching, upper respiratory symptoms.
Serious (rare, seek immediate care): Angioedema (swelling of face/lips/tongue/throat—may be fatal), severe allergic reactions (rash, breathing difficulty), acute kidney injury, severe hypotension, electrolyte imbalances (e.g., high potassium leading to weakness/irregular heartbeat), or gout flares (from losartan).

Monitor BP, kidney function, electrolytes (especially potassium) regularly—risk of hyperkalemia or dehydration/hypotension.
Caution in renal artery stenosis, heart failure, liver disease, diabetes (may affect blood sugar), gout history, or volume/salt depletion (e.g., from diuretics/low-salt diet).
Surgery/anesthesia: Inform doctor (hypotension risk).
Black patients: May be less effective (common with ARBs).
Not for self-adjustment—doctor may check labs if combined with other BP meds.

Pregnancy: Contraindicated >3 months (fetal harm/death possible—renal damage, oligohydramnios); avoid early pregnancy—stop immediately if pregnant; use effective contraception/alternative.
Lactation: Not recommended (losartan/amlodipine pass minimally into milk—risk to infant); consult doctor for alternatives.

Potassium-raising agents (supplements, salt substitutes, potassium-sparing diuretics, ACE inhibitors/ARBs): Hyperkalemia risk—monitor.
NSAIDs (e.g., ibuprofen): Reduced antihypertensive effect + renal risk.
Lithium: Increased toxicity—avoid/monitor.
Other antihypertensives: Additive hypotension.
Aliskiren: Avoid in diabetes/impaired kidneys.
Diuretics (high doses): Excessive fluid loss/low BP.

Hypersensitivity to amlodipine, losartan, or components.
Severe hepatic impairment (e.g., cholestasis/biliary obstruction).
Pregnancy (>3 months) or with aliskiren in diabetes/impaired kidneys.
Concomitant aliskiren in certain patients.